Penyebab Orang Tak Punya Rasa Malu

http://a11no4.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/malu4.jpg
Seringkali kita mendengar kalimat, 'Dasar tak tahu malu', atau 'Sudah putus urat malunya' yang ditujukan pada orang-orang yang dinilai tak punya rasa malu. Hati-hati jika sudah mulai hilang rasa 'malunya' karena itu artinya ada bagian di otak yang sudah mengalami kerusakan.


Ilmuwan dari University of California, San Francisco dan University of California, Berkeley berhasil mengungkapkan bagian mana dari otak yang sangat bertanggungjawab terhadap muncul tidaknya rasa malu.

Menurut penelitinya Virginia Sturm, timnya telah mengidentifikasi adanya bagian otak di sebelah kanan depan yang disebut '
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex' sebagai penyebab kunci rasa malu manusia.

"Ini adalah wilayah otak yang bisa memprediksi perilaku seseorang. Semakin kecil bagian otak ini maka semakin sedikit orang punya rasa malu," kata Virginia seperti dilansir dari
Sciencedaily.

Pusat malu di bagian '
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex' ini posisinya berada jauh di dalam otak yakni sebelah kanan depan. Fungsi lain dari bagian otak ini antara lain mengatur detak jantung dan pernapasan, emosi, perilaku kecanduan dan pengambilan keputusan.

Maka itu pada orang yang otaknya sehat, ketika merasa malu bagian otak ini akan berfungsi maksimal. Rasa malunya akan membuat tekanan darah menjadi naik, detak jantung meningkat atau terjadi perubahan napas.


Tapi pada orang yang memiliki rasa malu yang rendah seperti pada penderita Alzheimer atau demensia (pikun), otak di bagian ini ukurannya lebih kecil dari biasanya.


Mereka umumnya menjadi lebih acuh terhadap hal-hal yang menurut orang memalukan karena bagian otak '
pregenual anterior cingulate cortex' seperti 'dibutakan' terhadap rasa malu.

"Bila Anda kehilangan kemampuan otak di daerah ini, Anda akan kehilangan respons rasa malu," kata Virginia seperti dikutip
LiveScience.

Para ilmuwan meyakini bahwa semakin besar wilayah otak tertentu maka semakin kuat kerja otak yang terkait dengan fungsinya itu.


Contohnya, orang dengan kepribadian terbuka (ekstrovert) memiliki pusat pengolahan otak yang lebih besar, sedangkan orang yang gampang cemas punya pusat deteksi kesalahan yang lebih besar.


Dalam melakukan penelitian tersebut, peneliti meminta 79 partisipan untuk menyanyi karaoke lagu 'My Girl', lagu hit tahun 1964 yang dinyayikan Temptations. Partisipan itu ada yang sehat dan ada yang menderita penyakit saraf degeneratif.


Suara partisipan direkam dan diputar ulang tanpa ada ada suara musik yang menyertainya. Partisipan yang malu dengan suaranya langsung terlihat dari ekspresi wajahnya, kemudian berkeringat dan detak jantung meningkat.


Sebaliknya penderita yang mengalami gangguan saraf terlihat acuh dan kurang punya rasa malu meskipun ketika didengarkan suara mereka sangat memalukan. 


Hasil temuan ini telah disampaikan Virginia dalam pertemuan tahunan
American Academy of Neurology ke-64 di Hawaii pada 14 April 2011.

Sumber :

health.detik.com

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